Buying Music Online Can Cut Carbon by 80%, Study Says

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by Jaymi Heimbuch, San Francisco, California
www.treehugger.com | on 10.13.09

A new report put together by Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Stanford University examines how environmentally friendly digital music distribution is in comparison to traditional methods. Turns out, carbon emissions and energy use can be cut by 40% to 80%, depending on a few factors, including packaging, shopping methods and delivery methods.

Click here to continue reading.

These Smart Clothes Dryers Could Reduce Electricity Demand by the Equivalent of 6 Coal Power Plants

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by Michael Graham Richard, Ottawa, Canada
treehugger.com | on 09.29.09

Smart Appliances are Coming: Whirlpool to Produce 1 Million Grid Connected “Smart” Clothes Dryers in 2011
Having a smart grid is great in good part because it allows you to more easily implement time-of-use electricity rates (power costs more at peak demand time, less at night and on weekends…). But to get the most out of it, smart appliances that can talk to the grid and “smartly” adjust their operation to reduce their power demand when electricity is expensive are required. This is why it’s good news that Whirlpool is announcing that it will produce 1 million “smart” clothes dryer in 2011. If one million dryers went into power saving mode during peak time, that would reduce demand by the equivalent of about 6 coal power plants!

appliances energy consumption image

The Wall Street Journal writes:

Smart appliances can be controlled remotely by a power company to go into energy-saving mode or shut off during times when there is high demand for electricity. Consumers could override the feature but likely will pay more for power during these periods.Over time, wide use of smart appliances could save consumers money and cut the number of power plants needed to satisfy electricity demand, reducing power-industry pollution. The appliances aren’t expected to be priced much higher than regular EnergyStar products.

 

So the goal is to take the responsibility of time-shifting energy intensive tasks from people directly to the appliances themselves.

Just for the dryers,Whirlpool predicts that its customers could save between $20-40 per year. That’s just for one appliance. If all your appliances were “smart”, this would certainly save more energy, and thus money. Here’s how it would work:

In one energy-saving mode that might be used when electricity demand is high, the heat will turn on and off during an extended drying cycle but the spinning will continue to prevent wrinkles.An electric dryer that tumbles clothes without heat uses only about 200 watts of electricity, while one that’s set on maximum heat may use as much as 6,500 watts. Multiply that by one million dryers and the difference is equivalent, at a moment in time, to the output of half-a-dozen big coal-fired power plants.

 

But money directly saved on power bills isn’t the only benefit. By shaving peaks in energy demand, fewer power plants might need to be built. Some of those costs are often passed on to people through higher electricity rates or taxes.

Smart appliances can also help us take advantage of intermittent sources of renewable energy such as wind. On a day that the wind is blowing strongly, appliances could get a message from the smart grid that a lot of clean, cheap power is available, so more of them would run at that time.

Whirlpool has also announced that by 2015 all of the company’s “electronically controlled appliances it produces – everywhere in the world – will be capable of receiving and responding to signals from the smart grid.” Nice.

Click here to read aticle in original context.

Patagonia Footwear Take Up The Zero Impact Challenge

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by Warren McLaren, Sydney
treehugger.com | 08. 6.09

 

For four years now we’ve been following Patagonia Footwear as they strive to apply their business mantra of “Build the best product, cause no unnecessary harm, use business to inspire and implement solutions to the environmental crisis” to the art of shoemaking.

Now we’ve been invited to join Patagonia Footwear as they accept a challenge from Backpacker Magazine to build a backpacking boot with the least environmental impact, as part of the mag’s “Zero Impact Challenge.” TreeHugger will be tagging along as Patagonia transparently reveal the good, the bad, and the ugly of the entire design process. Read below about this will all come together.

Backpacker Magazine’s Zero Impact Challenge

Previously Backpacker Magazine have run Zero Impact Challenges for backpacks and sleeping bags. They found that overall it was easier to make a greener pack (30% reduced carbon dioxide equivalent emissions) compared to a more eco sleeping bag (10% less emissions). But the exercise certainly gets the participating manufacturers to reevaluate their products and their environment impact. And that can only be a good thing for the industry and the planet.

Corporate Transparency

For 2009 the challenge has shifted to hiking boots and Patagonia Footwear are keen to give it their best shot. And in keeping with the same pioneering corporate transparency that spawned the Footprint Chronicles they want to chart their progress during the Challenge, with sketches, letters, videos, images and findings all specific to the design and development process of this new product, whilst allowing TreeHugger readers to communicate their thoughts and ideas.Zero Impact Experts photo

Design Gurus

To rise to the challenge, aside from working with Backpacker Magazine, Patagonia Footwear are deploying their big guns to get the job done. From left to right we have Clark Matis, founder of Merrell, technical footwear designer for Patagonia Footwear and Olympic nordic skier. Robin Cheu is the production guru from China where the working prototype will be made within less than 3 months. JDK, represented here by partner Michael Jager, is Patagonia Footwear’s creative agency, is working hand in hand with Clark Matis on the development and creative. They developed the Ecotone concept (see below) specifically for this challenge and Patagonia Footwear.Ecotone and LIDS image

Ecotone

An Ecotone is the transition area between two adjacent ecological communities (ecosystems). Although in this case, Patagonia Footwear see the Ecotone (left image) as a guide on how to bring harmony to the broad, and often disparate, diversity of needs in a hiking boot. Which Patagonia see as:Fit: Support, Flex, Variable Volume, Heel Hold, Toe Room
Protection: Stability, Traction, Durability, Critical Protection Points, Cushioning
Efficiency: Light Weight, Optimized Energy Transfer
Climate Control: Fast Drying / Waterproof, Vented / Breathable, Temperature Regulating
Clean Design: Nothing More Than is Necessary

Life-Cycle Design Strategies

On seeing the Patagonia Footwear’s Ecotone I found it to be remarkably similar to the LiDS Wheel used to guide eco-design. (right image) The Life-Cycle Design Strategies Wheel maps eight key aspects of product before re-design (light grey) and hopefully a smaller footprint (dark grey) evolves after the ecodesign changes.Those eight design strategies are:
• New concept development
• Selection of low-impact material
• Reduction of materials
• Optimisation of production techniques
• Efficient distribution system
• Reduction in the environimpact in the user stage
• Optimise initial lifetime
• Optimise end of life system

(read more about LiDS and other ecodesign tools in this PDF)

Eco Design Criteria

And this is pretty much these are same strategies that Patagonia Footwear are employing to find ways to develop a hiking boot with the least “zero” impact, a boot also capable of carrying 30 pounds. In their own words here is what they’ll be assessing:Recycled content – All materials have been examined and selected based on recycled content.

Reduced Weight – This is one of our primary goals. The more we can reduce the weight of the end product – the lower the carbon emissions in terms of shipping.

Reduced and/or Reusable packaging – Consideration being given to alternative material shoe boxes that can be repurposed and/or recycled. No unnecessary packaging (hang tags etc.)

Reuse – We’re examining materials and manufacturing processes that allow for materials used in the zero impact boot to be repurposed at the end of their life cycle. Either through re-uppering the sole or recycling through Common Threads. To date we have been close on developing a fully re-usable shoe but stuck on what to do with leather – any suggestions would be most helpful.

Best Product, No Unnecessary Harm – Through material choices and quality manufacturing, the zero impact hiking boot will hold up to extended abuse and the elements and therefore won’t need to be replaced as frequently as less well made boots.

More To Come

So, watch this space, as we get a bird’s eye view of the design process required to make a hiking boot with as close to zero impact as is currently possible. The first walkable prototype. will be submitted to Backpacker Magazine in September 2009, after which Patagonia Footwear will continue research, development and testing for another six to eight months with the intention to build an entire Patagonia Footwear collection for launch in Spring 2011. It should be exciting and enlightening.

To read article in original context, click here.

Celebrating National Farmers’ Market Week

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By Kelly Rossiter
Toronto, Canada | Wed Aug 05 17:00:00 GMT 2009
planetgreen.discovery.com

 

This week marks National Farmers’ Market Week in the United States. According to The Huffington Post this recognition began in 2000. In almost ten years, the local food movement has gained a huge foothold and the number of farmers’ markets has increased at an astonishing rate across North America.

 

Toronto has just endured a six week long strike by city workers. Because many of the markets are held in city owned properties or parks, they were shut down by the strike. The citizenry was outraged and within a week organizations representing farmers had met with city officials and union officials and markets were allowed to re-open. When we had our last strike in 2002 the farmers and shoppers were simply out of luck. In that seven years the City of Toronto and the union locals learned that the good people of Toronto were willing to put up with stinking piles of garbage in make-shift dumps dotted throughout the city, but come between them and the strawberry harvest and look out!

 

It says something about how the farmers’ market has become a part of the fabric of urban life. Cities like New York and Toronto boast upwards of 50 markets that thrive in parks, churches and public spaces throughout the city where people can walk to pick up local fresh produce, eggs, meat and bread. Rural communities have long known that the weekly market is not only a place to buy and sell your wares, but also a place to connect with your neighbours.

 

There is also a huge economic impact here. Your dollar goes directly to the person responsible for providing your food, and it stays in your community, completely bypassing corporate executives, marketing executives and grocery stores. The green aspect is also obvious. Many of these farmers provide organic produce, without the use of pesticides and hormones. And, of course, the only packaging involved are the bins used to carry produce to market.

 

In the U.S. there are nutrition programmes provided through markets for women with babies and for seniors. Programmes for providing fresh fruits and vegetables to hospital patients through farmers’ markets are getting underway as well.

 

While I find it depressing to go to a grocery store and see produce from foreign lands for sale at the same time it is in season here, I feel that the farmers’ markets have made inroads. The availability of markets in my neighbourhood has certainly improved the quality of food that we eat in our home, and for that I am grateful.

 

Read in original context: http://planetgreen.discovery.com/food-health/celebrating-farmers-market-week.html?campaign=th_weekly_nl

Food Labels

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Meaningful Labels

By Brian C. Howard | October 15, 2004
thegreenguide.com

 

“Some labels are highly meaningful, while others are misleading or even deceptive,” says Urvashi Rangan, Ph.D., director of the Eco-Labeling Project for Consumers Union. What to do? Read with X-ray eyes: The best labels are transparent, hide nothing and have no conflict of interest. Here are some.

 

USDA Certified Organic

Foods carrying this label must be produced without antibiotics, hormones, genetic engineering, radiation or synthetic pesticides or fertilizers.”It took a long time [10 years] to develop the USDA organic label, but it is highly meaningful for foods,” Rangan says, explaining that the organic standards were developed with broad public support and that the label requires certification by independent, government-accredited organizations.

The USDA-certified organic cotton label is also highly meaningful, but personal-care products bear watching, due to ongoing but thus-far unsuccessful attempts by industry to dilute the organic standards.

 

Local and Regional Labels

Federal truth-in-advertising laws cover origin designations, and local/regional food labels are starting to contend with imports from abroad. Many farmers’ markets impose strict local-origin requirements on vendors, and a number of stores, such as Wild Oats, often have local-food displays. The California Clean label is organized by small-scale, in-state farmers (www.californiaclean.com), and the Appalachian Harvest label (www.asdevelop.org, 276-623-1121) is overseen by Appalachian Sustainable Development in southwest Virginia and northeast Tennessee. The Core Values Northeast label marks apples from New York and New England grown with integrated pest management (IPM) techniques, which minimize the use of synthetic pesticides. Managed by the IPM Institute of North America (www.corevalues.org, 608-232-1528).

Protected Harvest is a new label for IPM-grown foods. Healthy Grown Potatoes from Wisconsin currently bear this label (www.protectedharvest.org).

Bird Friendly: This coffee and chocolate label, overseen by the Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center (www.nationalzoo.si.edu/smbc, 202-673-4908) and verified by organic inspectors, ensures that growing techniques preserve ample shade cover and provide sufficient habitats for avifauna.

Certified Humane Raised and Handled: This relatively new program sets verifiable standards of treatment for livestock that go above and beyond current laws, including prohibiting growth hormones and non-therapeutic antibiotics, giving animals space to exercise in and requiring stricter environmental controls. Overseen by Humane Farm Animal Care (www.certifiedhumane.org, 703-435-3883).

Grass-Fed. Cows and sheep fed their traditional diet—grass—tend to have a lower impact on the environment than those raised on grains in industrial feedlots. Grass-fed meat is lower in overall and saturated fat and has more omega-3 fats and vitamin E. The term “grass fed” itself, however, isn’t well regulated, and such a label doesn’t necessarily mean cows spent their whole lives eating the stuff. Some companies have advertised their beef as “grass-fed” even though the fine print adds “grain-finished for flavor,” which can mean months in feedlots.

Green Seal: This venerable nonprofit provides independent certification based on its high eco-standards for a wide range of products, including paper, paints, adhesives, household and industrial cleaners, windows, heating and cooling units and hotels (www.greenseal.org, 202-872-6400).

Forest Stewardship Council: This international accreditor has developed standards for certifying wood products harvested from well-managed forests (www.fscus.org, 877-372-5646). Its certifiers include Rainforest Alliance (www.rainforestalliance.org) and Scientific Certification Systems (www.scscertified.com).

Fair Trade: Administered in this country by the nonprofit group TransFair USA, this label ensures that a minimum price or living wage has been paid to farmers and laborers. Coffee, tea, chocolate, mangoes, bananas and pineapples so far bear this expanding mark, which is rated “highly meaningful” by CU. At the same time, some businesses, perhaps desiring to cash in on TransFair’s success, have begun selling products marked “fairly traded” or something similar. Such labels may or may not be backed by independent certifiers, and must be analyzed on a case-by-case basis. Whole Foods, for instance, eschews TransFair in lieu of using its own system to vet its products.

 

Read in original context: http://www.thegreenguide.com/food/buying/meaningful-labels/1
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Label Decoders

When buying coffee and meats, it can be hard to determine what all those labels mean. Check out these interactive sites to decode those labels!

Coffee Decoder

Beef Decoder

Germany’s Bright Idea: Street Lighting on Demand

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By Tristana Moore
Berlin Wednesday, Jul. 01, 2009  

 

When Dörentrup’s council started switching off the streetlights, Dieter Grote’s wife would worry about their children coming home late at night in the pitch black. “My wife has all the good ideas,” Grote, who runs an advertising agency, tells TIME. “I discussed the problem with her and we thought it must be possible to have the lights available on demand.” Dieter got in touch with the local utility company Lemgo and together they came up with a solution: How about turning on the village lights with a simple telephone call? Lemgo developed a special modem and software to make it possible, and Dial4Light was born. (See pictures of the odyssey of the cell phone.)

In the first project of its kind in Europe, the residents of Dörentrup can now switch on the lights on a specific street whenever they like. All they have to do is register for the scheme online and provide a phone number. Then each time anyone needs to see in the dark, they call the Dial4Light number, enter the six-digit code that corresponds to the stretch of road they want lit, and within seconds the lights are on. They’ll stay on for around 15 minutes, enough time for someone to walk from one end of the average Dörentrup road to the other. “The scheme is easy for everyone to use,” says Grote. “Elderly people can use a cash machine, so they can make a call to switch on the streetlights.”

After a pilot project last year proved to be a big hit with the public, Dörentrup’s council has decided to roll out the scheme for the whole village, home to 9,000 people. Utility company Lemgo says the scheme will cut down Dörentrup’s carbon-dioxide emissions by around 12 tons each year compared with leaving the streetlights on all night. “We found out that on each stretch of road, people only switch on the lights up to three times each night,” explains Frank Bräuer, project leader at Lemgo. “That’s why this system works in villages or the outskirts of a town where residents don’t need the lights burning all night.” But Dial4Light won’t work for everyone, he admits: “It wouldn’t be suitable for a big city like New York or London, where there’s a lot going on at night.” (See 10 things to do in London.)

The mayor of Dörentrup, Friedrich Ehlert, sees the new project as win-win. After he was forced to turn off the village lights to help save money, he faced complaints from angry residents worried about their safety when making their way home in the dark in the dead of night. He still defends his decision to flip the switch — “If I watch TV at home, and then go into another room, I switch the lights off in the lounge; people shouldn’t expect the streetlights to be on when they’re not outside” — but says that any money saved will go toward building schools or sports facilities for the village. And although the council picks up the electricity bill every time anyone uses Dial4Light (locals only pay for the call), the scheme is still cheaper than running the streetlights through the night. “We’re cutting electricity bills and we’re doing something to help the environment,” says Ehlert. “Everyone can do their bit.” (See TIME’s Heroes of the Environment 2008.)

Lemgo says there are plans to launch the scheme in five other countries and it has received requests for its new technology from all over the world, including Sweden, Britain, the U.S. and Dubai. With the recession biting into town-council coffers everywhere and growing pressure to reduce carbon emissions, letting residents light up the night only when they need to seems like a bright idea.

 

Read article in original format: http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1907182,00.html

New LED Bulbs by Sharp Can be Remotely Tuned Between 7 Shades of White

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by Michael Graham Richard, Ottawa, Canada on 06.18.09
Design & Architecture (lighting)

led lightbulb tunable color japan photo
Photo: Sharp

Honey, I Feel More Like Cool White Today…
Sharp’s introducing 9 new models of LED lightbulbs to Japan in mid-July, but the most innovative of those is the one pictured above (the others are below). What’s that thing on the right? It’s actually a remote control that allows you to tune the color of the DL-L60AV LED Lamp (Sharp calls it “Adjustable Color Function”), or of a series of those plugged into the same circuit. Why is that a good thing? More details on how it works and its performance below.

led lightbulb tunable color japan photo
Photo: Sharp

New Sharp LED Bulbs
Sharp writes:

Users can select from seven different shades of white ranging from a pleasing warm white to a cooler daylight white to match the weather, the season, time of day, purpose, or other preferences. This model also features a built-in Dimmer Function to adjust brightness. Together, these features allow users to select the illumination they like best to complement a diverse range of interior settings by using a single remote control to change the color and brightness of the light.

They don’t give us lumens for the L60AV model, but the DL-L601N LED Lamp delivers a brightness of 560 lumens, which is pretty high (Sharp claims it is “among the brightest in the industry”). The L60AV is probably not quite as efficient… Life for all the new Sharp LED lamps (including the tunable one) is 40,000 hours.

Read article in original context.

5 of the Greenest Cities in the World to Visit

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by Christine Lepisto, Berlin on 06.17.09

Green City Portland photo
Image: Flickr, StuSeeger

What is it that gives a city title to the claim of “greenest?” How would you like to visit a city with no fossil-fueled cars allowed? How about the best city for bicyclists? Or the perfect city to explore sustainable city planning theories which have really been implemented? Our list of the 5 greenest cities in the world sorts through the pack of potentials to find the emeralds.

1. Portland, Oregon

The first city to be designated a Platinum-level Bicycle Friendly Community by the League of American Bicyclists also won Popular Science’s nod as greenest city, based on a survey of renewable energy use, transportation choices, green living and recycling. If you want to stay off the beaten track when immersing yourself in Portland’s green infrastructure, try a tour of Portland’s lesser known city parks, including the World’s Smallest Park–as certified by the Guinness Book of World Records.Green City Freiburg photo
Image: Flickr, Shadowgate

2. Freiburg, Germany

Freiburg has been experimenting with green community living for decades, ever since the city center was rebuilt on green principles after its destruction in World War II. Visitors to Freiburg can see the dense social community planning in the section called Rieselfeld, built in the ‘80s, or the celebrated car-free sector of Vauban. Don’t miss the Solar Village and the Heliotrop House, both designed by Rolf Disch. 

Green City Zermatt Omnia Hotel photo
Image: Design Hotels

3. Zermatt, Switzerland

Zermatt, a quaint Swiss town at the foot of the Matterhorn, draws nature enthusiasts to outstanding skiing, hiking and mountaineering. As tourism exploded, the city made a decision not to fight the battle to keep infrastructure sufficient for growing traffic demands. Today, the streets are reserved for pedestrians and cycles. Loads are pulled through town on hand carts, horse carts and manually steered electric carts. Small electric freight vehicles require special permits, and some exceptions are made for emergency vehicles. And the place to stay is The Omnia, re-invented by New York-based architect Ali Tayar, and featured in Wallpaper* magazine.

Green City Montreal photo
Image: Flickr, Serge Melki

4. Montreal, Quebec, Canada

From the Montreal Protocol (regulating emissions damaging to the ozone layer) to the recently implemented Bixi public bike sharing project, Montreal beckons with green initiative. After all, any city hundreds of kilometers from the nearest ocean that boasts its own local surfing club is filled with people who know how to make the most of their surroundings. Don’t miss the annual butterflies go free day at the botanical gardens and do check out the nascent sport of river surfing. The place to stay: eco-chic boutique hotel Quartier Dix30.Green City Austin photo
Image: Flickr, Shane Pope

5. Austin, Texas, USA

Austin, Texas, the home of Whole Foods has emerged as a leader in the quest to break the fossil fuel habit. Most recently, Austin has mandated home energy efficiency audits. Austin’s Green Mayor leads the city further down the sustainability path, and to the top of lists of greenest city awards. Try to visit during one of Austin’s greener festivals and enjoy the greener festival foods.

Top 5 Ways Water Gets Polluted

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by Blythe Copeland
Great Neck, New York on 06.15.09 

If you thought throwing your sandwich wrapper in a stream while camping was most common form of water pollution, think again: from agricultural runoff to waste treatment, pollution affects more and more of the Earth’s water supply every minute. Check out five of the most invasive and damaging types of pollution (but please: still throw that sandwich wrapper in the trashcan).

Sewage and Fertilizer
Sewage doesn’t present as big of a problem as some other pollutants, but it does have its dangers: in small quantities, it breaks down naturally and doesn’t harm water at all, but in large quantities it depletes the amount of oxygen in the water. When too much oxygen is erased, the polluted area can’t support sea life. These areas are known as “dead zones,” and there are more than 400 of them around the world, causing major damage to the health of the oceans.

Acid Rain
Though the acid rain-awareness campaign has made this less of an issue than it was in the past, it’s still a major pollution problem. A quick refresher on the how: the burning of fossil fuels releases compounds that interact with the H20 in the air, creating a modified version of the raindrop—one that includes nitric and sulfuric acid, which pollutes the water and ground that’s affected by the rain. Too much of those acids inhibits plant growth, and soil damage on a major scale would take eons to repair—which makes soil a “non-renewable resource,” according to the U.S. Geological Survey.

Non-point Sources
All water pollution happens in one of two ways: via non-point or point systems. Non-point pollution comes from indirect sources, like agricultural runoff, mining waste, paved roads, and industrial activity. It’s impossible to trace the original polluter in these cases, but toxic chemicals and compounds make their way into the water system just the same—through rainwater drainage, melting snow, and running rivers.

The Oil Industry
Everything about the oil industry—drilling, moving, laying pipeline, shipping—opens up the possibility for water pollution. From rigs that are compromised by foul weather (like those on the Gulf Coast) to barges that have accidental spills, the damage is never intentional, but it’s still one of the major dangers facing clean water and marine life.

Heat
This may not seem like such a bad thing—after all, hot water and cold water even out eventually, right? Right—but until then, discharging hot water while cooling power plants means changing the temperature of the water source, which can encourage the species density to change and alter the biology of the water. Thermal pollution, then, can be just as damaging as bacterial or sediment pollution.

 

Read this article in its original context: http://www.treehugger.com/files/2009/06/five-ways-water-gets-polluted.php 

try these tips for a greener summer

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By Brian Clark Howard

Travel Light

Whether you are jet-setting to Tahiti or driving to your grandma’s house in the next county, packing light will cut down on fuel use, as well as wear and tear on luggage and other items.

When flying, each additional 10 pounds per traveler requires an added 350 million gallons of jet fuel per year. Continue reading…

Hang Some Laundry Out to Dry

Save energy, and make your clothes and linens smell extra fresh, by putting up a clothesline, just like your grandparents did. Start simple with a few sheets, towels and pillowcases, and if you like the results, gradually do more loads.

Automatic clothes dryers were once hailed as a miracle of modern housekeeping, but that convenience came with a price. Continue reading…

Try A Natural Swimming Pool

One exciting green design option that is slowly gaining acceptance in the U.S. is the natural swimming pool, which offers a refreshing, beautiful alternative to reliance on chlorine or other toxic chemicals.

Natural swimming pools have been somewhat popular in Europe for a few decades (where they are often called natural swimming ponds), and they work by fostering the balance of a small natural ecosystem. Continue reading…

Park in the Shade

During hot months, try to park your vehicle in a shady spot, which decreases the amount of fuel lost to evaporation and requires less air-conditioning when you get back in.

Gasoline evaporates rapidly, and even escapes from closed tanks. Continue reading…

 

Find these and other tips at http://www.thedailygreen.com/going-green/tips/